Climate change is having severe negative impacts on livelihoods and human health;

Climate change is a wake-up call for Pakistan. Urgent measures are needed to control its damage. The government, the people and the trusted people must face this situation together before it is too late. People should be made aware and trees should be planted and planning should be done to keep the environment pollution free.

Karachi is famous for its enchanting evenings and sea breezes. In the evening, the people of Karachi come out of their homes and light up the streets, making Karachi a city of lights. The bright evening scene of Karachi is slowly fading away, the situation is changing now.

On the one hand, the people of Karachi are under the attack of murder, robbery and looting, on the other hand, the heat wave is becoming the norm in Karachi and it seems to be increasing every year. There is no one to ask this city. The load shedding for many hours even in the hot summer has made the people here mentally ill. Every person here is suffering from some form of depression. There are many problems here. But we would like to make our topic here climate change because it is creating an alarming situation for us now.

Global warming is a threat to the prosperity of Pakistani people. The country is rapidly changing its geographic climate (hot summers and cold winters) and the situation is predicted to intensify in the future, resulting in natural disasters. Pakistan is already experiencing droughts, floods, landslides, and torrential rains due to frequent heat waves.

Climate change is indicating a further increase in the intensity of these events in the future. In case of a significant increase in the temperature across the country, the snow-covered mountains in the north are melting rapidly. This is the reason that there is a clear change in the flow of the river Indus.

As the weather is intensifying, there are also changes in the rainfall patterns, such as summer rains moving to August and winter rains moving to March.

Now the question is that how these climate changes are affecting our lives?

Harsh weather is having serious negative effects on our livelihood and human health. We have been hearing that Pakistan's main income depends on agriculture. However, modern technology is being adopted in the world and efforts are being made to improve agriculture by using modern methods and effective work in less time. .

Pakistan is still stuck in its old ways. Landlords don't want to modernize their areas. Labor is done by hand and our crops are wasted due to climate change. More and more industries are coming up all over the world. But in our country this speed is a little slow.

People are migrating to cities in search of livelihood, with more than one-third of the population now living in towns and cities. Pakistan has climate sensitive land, we know that crops depend heavily on clean water.

Here, agriculture is still the main source of employment for 42 percent of the population and about 90 percent of agriculture depends on the irrigation system from the glacier-fed Indus River and its tributaries. Global climate change has accelerated the rate of glacier melt, leading to an increase in Glacier Leakage Outburst Flood (GLOF) and downstream flooding events.

It is now noted that rapid melting of glaciers, higher temperatures, changing climate and erratic rainfall are all changing the flow of the Indus River, affecting agriculture-related activities, food production and livelihoods. But it is having a rapid effect. We are the inhabitants of the third world, inflation and unemployment have broken the back of the people and obviously these conditions are having a very bad effect on the health of the people.

Effects on human health:

Fatigue due to hot temperatures, malnutrition due to drought, viral diseases such as dengue fever, malaria, congo virus, typhoid, cholera and water borne diseases make it difficult for people to work and earn a living. It affects the ability of

How is global warming affecting Pakistan?

Climate change is having wide-ranging impacts in Pakistan such as: reduction in agricultural production, coastal erosion and increased sea water intrusion, forcing residents of inundated settlements to migrate.

For the past few years, the temperature in Jacobabad province of Sindh, Pakistan has been increasing which is too much for human tolerance. Here the temperature goes up to 52 degrees Celsius because no measures have been taken in our country to deal with these conditions and generally it is difficult for developed countries to face this temperature.

Experts say that if this temperature is maintained for more than a few hours, it may result in organ damage or even death. Jacobabad, Mohenjo Daro, Larkana and Tarbat have crossed this limit. This region of Sindh is considered particularly vulnerable to climate change and the temperature here is likely to rise further in the near future.

This year, compared to last year, there has been less than normal rainfall in most parts of the country, due to which most of the drought-affected areas of Sindh and Balochistan are facing severe problems.

The dry season is creating a crisis of water scarcity for crops. Higher-than-normal temperatures at higher altitudes are leading to increased snowmelt rates in northern regions, which is increasing water pressure in rivers, which threatens to inundate crops.

According to a report published by Climate Action Network-South Asia (CANSA), it is expected that the number of displaced people will increase as a result of sea level rise due to melting glaciers. In case of impact, people will be deprived of their livelihood and will be forced to live as refugees. The country is already touching the dangerous level of poverty. Reduced crop yields, ecosystem damage, and drought will displace more than 600,000 people in Pakistan by 2030. Without action, that number is expected to be closer to 1,200,000.

Each region of Pakistan is dealing with the effects of climate change in its own way. In Balochistan, as part of the Clean Green Pakistan programme, a campaign to plant dams and large-scale trees has been planned to prevent the worst effects of drought, which is a commendable act. (There is a dire need for some such projects in Sindh as well). Majority of the inhabitants of Balochistan depend on agriculture and fishing. Droughts and acute water shortages in rural areas are forcing farmers, fishermen and others who depend on water to migrate to cities. It is a mass migration due to climate.

Human activities such as burning of fuels, emissions from factories and deforestation have significantly increased the concentration of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in the soil, especially carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide, which are the main pollutants of the atmosphere. There are reasons. This is the reason why Lahore is one of the most polluted cities in the world. Even in Karachi, the pollution is more than that, but due to the presence of the sea, the polluted air goes towards the sea, but it does not mean that we are breathing in less polluted air.

Effects of Global Warming on the World's Climate:

Global warming has emerged as the greatest threat to our planet this century. Environmental experts say that the increase in GHGs in our outer atmosphere has increased the Earth's temperature by 1.19 degrees Celsius in the last 100 years. As a result, the Earth is facing the devastating effects of changing climate such as floods, famines, natural disasters, droughts, sea level rise and storms etc.

Recent Weather Disasters in Pakistan:

In the Climate Change Vulnerability Index (CCVI), Pakistan has crossed 13 positions in a year to rank 16 and is among the top 10 countries affected by climate change in 1990-2010. Climate change is costing the economy $14 billion a year, which is about 5 percent of GDP. According to the Asian Development Bank, more than 10 million people have been displaced so far.

Environmental pollution is indeed a challenge in Pakistan, but there is definitely a solution to every problem. So let's see what we can do in this regard;

• The public should be made aware of the harms of environmental pollution and what should be done to solve it. Trees should be planted instead of plants. Punishment should be allotted for cutting plants.

• In developed countries, solo travel in a private vehicle is discouraged to encourage the use of public transport. Parking is made expensive and excellent means of transportation are provided. Better footpaths have been made for walking. It is the government's responsibility to increase public transport in cities and build footpaths to reduce air pollution from traffic.

There is no space left for us to walk here, people park their cars on the roads too. Zebra crossings are not even bothered to be made. Crossing the road is no less than a jihad.

• Plans should be made to supply clean drinking water. Better agricultural practices should be adopted by reducing the amount of chemicals used in agricultural lands. Different campaigns should be conducted because it is very important to increase coordination between government, public, and industry to solve environmental problems.

The situation is predicting a very dark future. It is better for us to seriously think about the situation. What do we gain from this long march and political confusion? Has any political leader's speech ever been preceded by these alarming situations? . Not at all. There is no political party that prepares any plan to deal with these situations. The people should now show wisdom and demand from their political parties that they want to form a government for the betterment of Pakistan. Votes should be cast on this basis.

What people can do is to plant more trees, do not waste the resources of the land, show responsibility for environmental pollution and raise voices for the stability of our country. Sir Sabzushada b Pakistan. Stable and prosperous Pakistan!!!!!!